TY - JOUR

T1 - Pampered pets or poor bastards? The welfare of dogs kept as companion animals

AU - Meyer, Iben

AU - Forkman, Björn

AU - Fredholm, Merete

AU - Glanville, Carmen

AU - Guldbrandtsen, Bernt

AU - Ruiz Izaguirre, Eliza

AU - Palmer, Clare

AU - Sandøe, Peter

N1 - Funding Information: The study was supported via the Danish Centre for Companion Animal Welfare, of which Peter Sandøe is a leader. The Centre gets its funding from the charitable foundation Skibsreder Per Henriksen, R. og Hustrus Fond . Funding Information: The study was supported via the Danish Centre for Companion Animal Welfare, of which Peter Sandøe is a leader. The Centre gets its funding from the charitable foundation Skibsreder Per Henriksen, R. og Hustrus Fond. Publisher Copyright: © 2022 The Authors

PY - 2022

Y1 - 2022

N2 - Over the past two centuries, the typical life of dogs has changed dramatically, especially in the Global North. Dogs have moved into human homes, becoming human companions. In many respects, this change seems to have led to improvements in dog welfare. However, the shift into family homes from the free-roaming lifestyle characteristic of dogs as they lived and co-evolved with humans in the past, has created a typically more confined and isolated lifestyle for dogs. In addition, over the same period, selective breeding of dogs, largely driven by human aesthetic ideals and concepts of breed purity, has transformed dog populations. In this discussion paper, based on a narrative literature review, we compare the welfare of companion dogs with that of modern village dogs. We adopt this comparison because dogs have lived in ways resembling village dog life for most of their history. As such, the comparison may serve as a good basis for assessing the effects of the ‘petification’ of dogs. We argue that compared to the typical village dog, the typical modern suburban or urban companion dog experiences good welfare in a number of respects. This is especially the case when it comes to security, satisfaction of nutritional needs (though companion dogs have problems with a high prevalence of obesity), and proper veterinary care. However, in other ways the modern companion dog often suffers from a range of human-created challenges leading to poor welfare. We examine two key challenges for companion dogs: 1) unrealistic social demands that can lead to anxiety, depression, and aggression, and 2) ill devised breeding schemes that result in breeding-related diseases for many companion dogs.

AB - Over the past two centuries, the typical life of dogs has changed dramatically, especially in the Global North. Dogs have moved into human homes, becoming human companions. In many respects, this change seems to have led to improvements in dog welfare. However, the shift into family homes from the free-roaming lifestyle characteristic of dogs as they lived and co-evolved with humans in the past, has created a typically more confined and isolated lifestyle for dogs. In addition, over the same period, selective breeding of dogs, largely driven by human aesthetic ideals and concepts of breed purity, has transformed dog populations. In this discussion paper, based on a narrative literature review, we compare the welfare of companion dogs with that of modern village dogs. We adopt this comparison because dogs have lived in ways resembling village dog life for most of their history. As such, the comparison may serve as a good basis for assessing the effects of the ‘petification’ of dogs. We argue that compared to the typical village dog, the typical modern suburban or urban companion dog experiences good welfare in a number of respects. This is especially the case when it comes to security, satisfaction of nutritional needs (though companion dogs have problems with a high prevalence of obesity), and proper veterinary care. However, in other ways the modern companion dog often suffers from a range of human-created challenges leading to poor welfare. We examine two key challenges for companion dogs: 1) unrealistic social demands that can lead to anxiety, depression, and aggression, and 2) ill devised breeding schemes that result in breeding-related diseases for many companion dogs.

KW - Behavioral problems

KW - Breeding

KW - Companion dogs

KW - Dog welfare

KW - Human-dog relationship

KW - Village dogs

U2 - 10.1016/j.applanim.2022.105640

DO - 10.1016/j.applanim.2022.105640

M3 - Journal article

AN - SCOPUS:85129956023

VL - 251

JO - Applied Animal Behaviour Science

JF - Applied Animal Behaviour Science

SN - 0168-1591

M1 - 105640

ER -