The gender wage gap in Myanmar: Adding insult to injury?
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The gender wage gap in Myanmar : Adding insult to injury? / Hansen, Henrik; Rand, John; Win, Ngu Wah.
I: Journal of Asian Economics, Bind 81, 101511, 08.2022.Publikation: Bidrag til tidsskrift › Tidsskriftartikel › Forskning › fagfællebedømt
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TY - JOUR
T1 - The gender wage gap in Myanmar
T2 - Adding insult to injury?
AU - Hansen, Henrik
AU - Rand, John
AU - Win, Ngu Wah
PY - 2022/8
Y1 - 2022/8
N2 - Using two surveys from 2017, we analyze the gender wage gap for urban workers in Myanmar. We start from a standard wage equation and condition on education, experience, health and a small set of household demographic attributes. Subsequently we control for differences in occupational choice and sector of employment. We estimate the models with sample selection correction and this leads to estimated average wage offers that are lower than the observed average wages for women. Selection into wage work results in a workforce where female wage-workers have higher levels of education compared to their male counterparts. However, average wages for female workers continue to be 29% lower than male average wages. Differences in observable attributes do not account for this gap. Instead, it is associated with a lower base wage and lower remuneration of women’s experience. Going beyond the traditional decomposition methods, we utilize our matched employer–employee survey to generate exact comparisons of female and male production workers with equal levels of education and experience, employed in the same enterprises. Even in this setting, we find a gender wage gap of 13%. Our analysis thus indicates discrimination against women in Myanmar’s labor markets.
AB - Using two surveys from 2017, we analyze the gender wage gap for urban workers in Myanmar. We start from a standard wage equation and condition on education, experience, health and a small set of household demographic attributes. Subsequently we control for differences in occupational choice and sector of employment. We estimate the models with sample selection correction and this leads to estimated average wage offers that are lower than the observed average wages for women. Selection into wage work results in a workforce where female wage-workers have higher levels of education compared to their male counterparts. However, average wages for female workers continue to be 29% lower than male average wages. Differences in observable attributes do not account for this gap. Instead, it is associated with a lower base wage and lower remuneration of women’s experience. Going beyond the traditional decomposition methods, we utilize our matched employer–employee survey to generate exact comparisons of female and male production workers with equal levels of education and experience, employed in the same enterprises. Even in this setting, we find a gender wage gap of 13%. Our analysis thus indicates discrimination against women in Myanmar’s labor markets.
KW - Faculty of Social Sciences
KW - Discrimination
KW - Gender difference
KW - Labour market
KW - Mincer earnings function
KW - Myanmar
KW - Wages
U2 - 10.1016/j.asieco.2022.101511
DO - 10.1016/j.asieco.2022.101511
M3 - Journal article
VL - 81
JO - Journal of Asian Economics
JF - Journal of Asian Economics
SN - 1049-0078
M1 - 101511
ER -
ID: 312627378